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Here is a simple way to get a boost early in the game. In Vault 111 there is a locked container that hold the Cryolator ultimate weapon. You passed it while exiting the Vault with the character commenting on it. Normally you wouldn't have access to the weapon until much later in the game.
But there is a way to obtain the Cryolator once you have Dogmeat as a companion. Once you are teamed up with him, go back to Vault 111.
Once you get there, ask Dogmeat to to FIND ITEMS. Dogmeat will then grab the Cryolator for you without the need of picking the container lock.
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Early in the game, the Cryolator can be a devestating weapon to have on hand. You may find other weapons that are much better once you begin doing more advance quests, but this is a great weapon to have at the start.