Last Updated : 03 Oct, 2023
Flip-flop is a term that comes under digital electronics, and it is an electronic component that is used to store one single bit of information.
Diagrammatic Representation of Flip Flop
- Since Flip Flop is a sequential circuit its input is based upon two parameters, one is the current input and the other is the output from the previous state.
- It has two outputs, both are complements of each other.
- It may be in one of two stable states, either 0 or 1.
Basic diagram of Flip Flop
What is T Flip Flop?
- T flip flop or to be precise is known as Toggle Flip Flop because it can able to toggle its output depending upon on the input.
- T here stands for Toggle.
- Toggle basically indicates that the bit will be flipped i.e., either from 1 to 0 or from 0 to 1.
- Here, a clock pulse is supplied to operate this flop, hence it is a clocked flip-flop.
Construction of T Flip Flop
We can construct T flip in three ways namely:
- By using SR Flip Flops.
- By using D Flip Flops.
- By using JK Flip Flops
Ways to Construct T Flip Flop
Let’s see the construction of T Flip Flop using SR Flip Flops, which require 2 AND gates and 2 NOR gates as shown below:
Basic Block Diagram of T Flip Flop
Here block diagram contains Toggle and clock inputs, Q and Q’ is the complemented inputs.
Working of T Flip Flop
Case 1: Let’s say, T = 0 and clock pulse is high i.e, 1, then output of both, AND gate 1, AND gate 2 will be 0, gate 3 output will be Q and similarly gate 4 output will be Q’ so both the values of Q and Q’ are same as their previous value, which means Hold state.
Case 2: Let’s say, T=1, then output of both AND gate 1 will be (T * clock * Q), and since T and clock both are 1, then the output of AND gate 1 will be Q, and similarly output of AND gate 2 will be (T * clock * Q’) i.e, Q’. Now, gate 3 output will be (Q’+Q)’ and let’s say Q’ is zero, then gate 3 output will be (0+Q)’ which means Q’ and similarly gate 4 output will be (Q+Q’)’ and since Q’ is zero, so gate 4 output will be Q’ which means 0 as Q’ is zero. Hence in this case we can say that the output toggles, because T=1.
Truth Table of T Flip Flop
- Here, T is the Toggle input, Q is present state input, Qt+1 is the next state output.
- From here we can see that, whenever Toggle (T) is 0, next state output (Qt+1) is same as current state input (Q).
- Whenever Toggle (T) is 1, next state output (Qt+1) will be complement of current state input (Q) which means it gets toggled.
Characteristic Equation
- The characteristic equation tells us about what will be the next state of flip flop in terms of present state.
- In order to get the characteristic equation, K-Map is constructed which will be shown as below:
- If we solve the above K-Map then the characteristic equation will be Q(n+1) = TQn’ + T’Qn = T XOR Qn
Excitation Table
Excitation Table basically tells about the excitation which is required by flip flop to go from current state to next state.
- Here, whenever T is 0, Qt+1 is same as input Q.
- And, whenever T is 1, Qt+1 is compliment of input Q.
Applications of T Flip Flop
There are numerous applications of T Flip Flop in Digital System, which are listed below:
- Counters: T Flip Flops used in counters. Counters counts the number of events that occurs in a digital system.
- Data Storage: T Flip Flops used to create memory which are used to store data, when the power is turned off.
- Synchronous logic circuits: T flip-flops can be used to implement synchronous logic circuits, which are circuits that perform operations on binary data based on a clock signal. By synchronizing the logic circuit’s operations to the clock signal using T flip-flops, the circuit’s behavior can be made predictable and reliable.
- Frequency division: It is used to divide the frequency of a clock signal by 2. Flip-flop will toggle its output every time the clock signal transitions from high to low or low to high, hence dividing the clock frequency by 2.
- Shift registers: T flip-flops can be used in shift registers which are used to shift binary data in one direction.
Conclusion
In this article we start from the basics of flip flops, that what actually are flip flops and then we discussed about the T Flip Flops, three two ways in which we can construct T Flip Flops, it’s Basic Block Diagram, Working of T Flip Flop, it’s Truth table, Characteristic equation as well as Excitation table and in the end we discussed the Applications of T Flip Flops.
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FAQs
Data storage: The T flip-flop can be used to store a single bit of data, making it useful in applications such as shift registers and memory devices. Counters: The T flip-flop can be used in conjunction with other digital logic gates to create binary counters that can count up or down depending on the design.
What is the standard form of t flip-flop? ›
T flip-flop is also known as Toggle flip-flop. It can be constructed from a JK flip-flop by connecting both inputs J and K together. Serial decoding, comparison and timing functions can be accomplished using flip-flops. Flip-flops has 2 generally stable states, is SET and RESET.
What is the operation of at flip-flop? ›
T Flip-Flop is a single input logic circuit that holds or toggles its output according to the input state. Toggling means changing the next state output to complement the current state. T is an abbreviation for Toggle. A good example to explain this concept is using a light switch.
What are the characteristics of T flip-flops? ›
Its defining characteristic is its ability to change its output state. The T Flip-Flop is a synchronous device. You switch from one state (high) to the other state (low) when you toggle. T flip-flops are edge-triggered devices.
Which flip-flop is most important? ›
D flip-flop. The D flip-flop is widely used, and known as a "data" flip-flop. The D flip-flop captures the value of the D-input at a definite portion of the clock cycle (such as the rising edge of the clock). That captured value becomes the Q output.
Which flip-flop is preferred? ›
The inputs of SR flip-flops are S and R while that of JK flip-flops are J and K. So, in the SR flip-flops, when S=1 and R=1 , the output is indeterminate. But in the case of JK flip-flops, when J=1 and K=1, the output toggles, which is the advantage of JK flip-flops compared to SR flip-flops.
What are the rules of T flip-flop? ›
The toggle, or T, flip-flop is a two-input flip-flop. The inputs are the toggle (T) input and a clock (CLK) input. If the toggle input is HIGH, the T flip-flop changes state (toggles) when the clock signal is applied. If the toggle input is LOW, the T flip-flop holds the previous state.
Is T flip-flop synchronous or asynchronous? ›
Synchronous logic circuits: T flip-flops can be used to implement synchronous logic circuits, which are circuits that perform operations on binary data based on a clock signal.
Which flip-flop is universal? ›
JK Flip Flop is a flip flop which consists of a few logic gates in front of a D-flip flop. A JK flip-flop is also called a universal flip-flop because it can be configured to work as an SR flip-flop, D flip-flop or T flip-flop.
How is the T flip-flop constructed and working? ›
We can construct the "T Flip Flop" by making changes in the "JK Flip Flop". The "T Flip Flop" has only one input, which is constructed by connecting the input of JK flip flop. This single input is called T. In simple words, we can construct the "T Flip Flop" by converting a "JK Flip Flop".
Flip-flops are used for synchronizers for asynchronous signals and delay circuits for digital signals as well as counters, frequency dividers, etc. The following describes the operation of a D-type flip-flop using a logic schematic.
What is the basic principle of flip-flop? ›
A flip-flop is a type of circuit that can store and recall a single bit of information. Its name comes from its ability to “flip” or “flop” between two stable states. By latching a value and changing it when triggered by a clock signal, flip-flops can store data over time.
Why is the T flip-flop important? ›
T flip-flops are handy when you need to reduce the frequency of a clock signal: If you keep the T input at logic high and use the original clock signal as the flip-flop clock, the output will change state once per clock period (assuming that the flip-flop is not sensitive to both clock edges).
What is the difference between flip-flop and T flip-flop? ›
D Flip-Flop: When the clock triggers, the value remembered by the flip-flop becomes the value of the D input (Data) at that instant. T Flip-Flop: When the clock triggers, the value remembered by the flip-flop either toggles or remains the same depending on whether the T input (Toggle) is 1 or 0.
What is the main advantage flip-flop? ›
Advantages of a Flip-Flop
Flip-flops are essential elements since they can store binary data. They can be therefore used to represent certain states in sequential circuits. Flip-Flops provide control over various operations since they can be synchronized using a clock.
What are the advantages and disadvantages of each flip-flop? ›
Flip-flop based circuits have advantages such as bistability, memory storage, and sequential circuit implementation. They're vital in digital systems for data storage and clocked operations. However, their disadvantages include power consumption, complexity, and susceptibility to glitches in certain configurations.
What is the benefit of flip-flop? ›
There are benefits that avid flip flop wearers recognize, including their versatility, comfort, and relaxing qualities. Additionally, they allow the feet to breathe, and the toes typically have adequate room to wiggle in.
What are the advantages of MS flip-flop? ›
Advantages of Master-Slave Flip Flop
We can operate master-slave flip flops on level-triggered or edge-triggered clock pulse. We can use it in various ways. A sequential circuit with a level-triggered flip flop is challenging to design, but edge triggered flip flop is easy to design.
